Friday, December 7, 2012

Whats the difference between type 1 diabetes and type 2?

Q. Hi everyone.
My boss just found out her 16 year old daughter has type 1 diabetes. We were all very sad to hear the news. Apparently she will be taking medication everyday for the rest of her life and she has a strict diet to follow. What's the difference between type 1 and type 2? Also, do people with diabetes have a tendency to be thin and lose a lot of weight because of their diet? Apparently before she was diagnosed, she lost 10 pounds within a month.

Thanks!

A. Type one is usually diagnosed early in life, from birth to around the age of 30. There are many theories on why and what happens to the pancreas in type 1. It is thought to be a viruse that attacks it at some point. There are more cases of type 1 in states that have cold weather. These people are always insulin dependent and must inject insulin sometimes up to 6 times a day. The pancreas does not make any (or very little) insulin. In type 2, it is usually diagnosed after the age of 35, but can develop earlier. With this type there are 2 things that can happen. The pancreas can be making lots of insulin but the body is not using it correctly (this is insulin resistance) or the pancreas is not making enough insulin. People with type 2 usually have to take some type or oral meds, but some take insulin, and some take both. There are some type 2's that can control their disease with diet and exercise for many years. Both types of diabetes can be genetic. Both types are caused by malfunctions of the pancreas and are not caused by the wrong diet, or being overweight. Both types of diabetics need to get daily exercise and watch their diets.


What causes people with Type 1 diabetes to get bad headaches and migraines?
Q. My little brother has type 1 diabetes and was diagnosed with it at 12 months old and he sometimes get bad migraines. What causes migraines and bad headaches when you have type 1 diabetes?

He is 17 years old and is a big part of me. If something ever happened to him, damn I don't know what I'd do.
I need some responses here guys.
Thank Tralee, but he already has an insulin pump as do most people with type 1.

A. I have had type 1 since I was 16 yrs old and have had migraines as well . It is because your sugar goes too high and puts excess pressure on your brain cells causing exspansion of them and that is what causes the migraines . I got this info from my dr and also I got a prescription for sumatriptan and it does help but makes you very drowsy and you cannot do anything after that .


How do you take care of type 1 diabetes?
Q. I want to know how to take care of type 1 diabetes, when do you check? How often? What is a good eating plan? When can you eat and not eat? When can you have candy and sugar or go off your eating plan? When do you take insulin? How much insulin? Just all the stuff you have to go through to take care of type 1 diabetes, thanks!

A. Insulin lowers the level of glucose in the blood by allowing it to enter your cells to be used for energy. Since people with type 1 can no longer depend upon their pancreas to produce insulin, it must be obtained from injections or an insulin pump every day.

There are a number of insulin preparations available these days. They range from short-acting to long-acting and can be mixed together if your doctor believes this will enable you to achieve better control of your blood glucose. Your doctor will prescribe the type(s) best suited for your situation and the dr. will prescribe your dose and how often you administer your dosage.

Though researchers are searching for additional ways to administer insulin without a needle, such as inhaling it or taking pills, injections are still the only way to get the necessary insulin that people with type 1 need to live.

Meal planning is an important part of managing your type 1 diabetes. The reason you must follow a meal plan is that you have to balance the insulin you take and food you eat. Remember, food increases your glucose levels, insulin brings it down. You always have to consider one when taking the other. And don�t believe the old myth that says you can�t eat anything sweet or you must give up your favorite foods. The truth is, you can eat most anything you want as long as you factor it in to your overall meal plan for any given day.

The best way to get started is to meet with a dietician who will consider your health needs, your lifestyle and your food preferences, including when you can eat and not eat and when you can have candy and sugar, or go off your eating plan, and work them into a personalized meal plan you can live with.

Exercise works in a similar way that insulin does; it reduces the amount of glucose in your blood. It�s not a substitute for insulin but rather an additional healthy way to further lower your glucose.

Another benefit of regular activity is that it helps you achieve your optimal weight. And the closer you are to your target weight, the better your body will use the daily insulin you take. But before starting an exercise routine, consult your doctor. Having type 1 diabetes requires that you give special attention to your blood glucose before your activity, during and after to help prevent a sudden drop in blood glucose levels.

The only way you can confidently know what your blood glucose level is at any given time is to test it. Regular testing will help you identify high and low levels before serious problems could develop. When testing is performed on a regular basis, it helps you assess how well you are balancing your insulin therapy, meal planning and exercise to manage your diabetes. These test results will also provide valuable information for your doctor to help make adjustments to your overall care plan.

Fortunately, there are many small, pocket-sized blood glucose monitoring devices that will check your glucose levels in seconds using only a small drop of blood. Many of these devices also allow you to download your results to your computer to make graphs and charts of your readings to help spot trends or trouble spots.

You can purchase these blood glucose monitors at your local pharmacy. But your better option is to talk with your healthcare provider who may be able to get you one along with a small number of test strips for free. The companies that manufacture glucose monitors supply physicians and diabetes educators with monitors hoping they will pass them to their patients. Other options include asking your pharmacist about discounts or rebate coupons or call the manufacturer directly. But getting any monitor, find out whether your insurance will cover the meter and strips. Some insurance companies will only cover particular meters.

Hope this helps.
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How is the diet recommended for Type 1 Diabetes DIFFERENT from a diet for someone without diabetes?
Q. The Diet being foods, nutrients, and timing of meals and also asumming that both people (one with type 1 diabetes and one without) follow the US dietary Guidelines.

A. There is no difference. A person with Type 1 diabetes can eat whatever they like. They just need to bolus insulin to match their food.





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